A total of 30 patients with bipolar disorder were recruited from the zucker hillside hospital in glen oaks, ny. Diffusionweighted mr imaging of the liver radiology. Despite much research, bipolar depression remains poorly understood, with no clinically useful biomarkers for its diagnosis. In plasma physics, ambipolar diffusion is closely related to the concept of.
Thousands of mri scans the researchers measured the mri scans of 6,503 individuals, including 2,447 adults with bipolar disorder and 4,056 healthy controls. Characterization and correction of eddycurrent artifacts. Principles of neuroimaging an application of the function is using ficks law of self diffusion. The effect of diffusion on the mri signal most often a spinecho signal is an attenuation, a, which dependsond andontheb factor. Mri study shows brain structure differences in bipolar. Diffusion mri in the heart, however, has proven technically challenging because of the intrinsic nonrigid deformation during the cardiac cycle, displacement of the myocardium due to respiratory. Pdf diffusionweighted mri in inflammatory bowel disease. Microstructural white matter changes in the corpus. To compare monopolar mp and bipolar bp diffusion weighted imaging dwi in detecting small liver metastases.
Abnormal frontal white matter tracts in bipolar disorder. We aimed to compare white matter structural changes in specific tracts by diffusion tensor imaging dti tractography in patients with bipolar. A spin echo sequence with a singlesided bipolar diffusion gradient. New mri imaging provides new picture, new insight date.
Example text plain grey text provides an example of content and wording appropriate to that location. Comparison of monopolar and bipolar diffusion weighted imaging. Pdf on feb 3, 2015, martijn froeling and others published whole heart dti using asymmetric bipolar diffusion gradients find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Whole body diffusion mri is becoming increasingly important with the recognition that one can detect and possibly stage tumors using diffusion mri. Motion artifacts are particularly troublesome in diffusion.
They also examined the effects of commonly used prescription medications, age of illness onset, history of psychosis, mood state, age and sex differences on cortical regions. Both healthy controls and depressed participants with bipolar disorder or unipolar depression will be recruited. Objective biological markers, such as those based on brain imaging, could aid in clinical management of bd. Using structural mri to identify bipolar disorders. Diffusion mri uses large bipolar diffusion gradients to encode the diffusion motion of water molecules. A total of 26 dti volumes were obtained from each subject that included 25 volumes with diffusion gradients applied along 25 nonparallel directions with b smm 2 and nex 2, and one volume without diffusion weighting b 0. The penalty for doing this is an increase in the minimum echo time. Using a different type of mri imaging, researchers have.
Introduction diffusionweighted dw imaging has recently shown. A case report monika czarnowskacuba l a 1, mariusz s. The stronger the diffusion, the greater the diffusion coefficient, i. Diffusion weighted imaging is a specialised technique. Whole body dwi has become as valuable as t2 contrast in tumor imaging and it allows to characterize tissue properties. Bipolar disorder, lithium, magnetic resonance imaging. While many clinical applications of diffusion imaging are in the brain, there is an increasing number of dwi and dti studies in other organs 1, including the spinal cord 2, breast 3, prostate 4, liver. Interhemispheric functional disconnection because of. Few magnetic resonance imaging mri studies 1525 of bipolar disorder have specifically examined these brain structures implicated in mood regulation, and results have varied. The use of bipolar diffusion gradients for canceling selfinduced gradients.
In this retrospective study, 77 patients with chronic liver disease who underwent mri including bipolar and monopolar dwi at 1. Data acquisition and processing the diffusion tensor with plain diffusion mri, diffusion is fully described using a single scalar parameter, the diffusion coef. By increasing the duration of the bipolar diffusion gradients in fig. Pdf diffusionweighted imaging of the brain in bipolar. Diffusionweighted imaging of the liver in patients with. What is the role of mri in the diagnosis of bipolar. In a previous liver diffusion study, a twicerefocused bipolar bp diffusion preparation was used and featured intrinsic low eddy current artefacts, while bp showed a longer echo time than mp sequence. Elimination of eddy current artifacts in diffusion. Diffusionweighted imaging dwi and diffusiontensor imaging dti are noninvasive mri techniques with broad clinical applications. A systematic search of electronic databases through december 2017 was conducted to identify neuroimaging studies of the amygdala in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, focusing on structural mri, diffusion tensor imaging dti, and restingstate functional connectivity studies, with an emphasis on crossdiagnostic studies.
Initial draft notation in this template template element appears as instructions boilerplate text plain black text dont change. Studies of young people who are closer to their illness onset may help to identify core neurobiological characteristics and separate these from consequences of repeated illness episodes or prolonged treatment. Bipolar and monopolar singleshot epi dwi sequences were acquired with the same parameters. Unfortunately, subtle physiological motion between the bipolar gradients often manifests as phase errors in the acquisition. Diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis c. The brains of people with bipolar disorder show distinct differences in regions associated with inhibition and emotion, according to a new magnetic resonance imaging mri study published in the. A voxelbased diffusion tensor imaging study of white. The paralimbic system has become a target for biomarker research, with paralimbic structural connectivity commonly reported to distinguish bipolar patients from controls in tractography.
Diagnosing bipolar with brain imaging psych central. Characterization and correction of eddycurrent artifacts in unipolar. Diffusion tensor imaging tractography study in bipolar disorder. White matter microstructural properties in bipolar disorder. Diffusion mri measurements in challenging head and brain. Pet and mri imaging will be used to investigate the aims described above in patients who have bipolar disorder or unipolar depression and are currently experiencing a depressive episode. Journal of magnetic resonance 221 2012 2431 tion of the diffusionsensitizing gradients, in general, is shorter than the diffusion time d bipolar diffusionsensitizing gradi ents and an inverted gradient preparatory pulse were exam ined for minimizing the eddy currents responsible for these distortions. Mr diffusion weighted imaging dwi has ceased to be used only in brain applications for several years. Ambipolar diffusion is diffusion of positive and negative species with opposite electrical charge due to their interaction via an electric field. Whole heart dti using asymmetric bipolar diffusion gradients. Pdf a diffusion tensor imaging study of bipolar ii.
Kyriazi s, blackledge m, collins dj, desouza nm 2010 optimising diffusionweighted imaging in the abdomen and pelvis. Bipolar disorders bds are among the leading causes of morbidity and disability. The database and metaanalysis are contained in an excel. Diagnoses were based on clinical interview using the scid for dsmiv. In the case of ionic crystals, the fluxes of the diffusing species are coupled, while in a plasma the various species diffuse at the same rate. Cortical and subcortical hyperintensities in magnetic resonance imaging mri scans are thought to represent areas of ischemic damage to brain tissue. Diffusionweighted imaging sequencesdwi was performed using both monopolar and bipolar sequences in the same setting over 7 weeks to gain additional clinical experience with the modified monopolar method compared with the conventional bipolar sequence. In this study, diffusionweighted imaging dwi was applied to study cortical white matter microstructure organisation in 24 patients with dsmiv bipolar disorder and 35 matched normal controls. A leading researcher believes a single mri magnetic resonance imaging scan may soon provide individuals and health professionals with a faster and more accurate diagnosis of bipolar disorder. However, significant motion in the abdomen and gut can hamper the interpretation of dwi data in these soft tissues. Whole body dwi has become as valuable as t2 contrast in. Machine learning ml brings neuroimaging analyses to individual subject level and may potentially allow for their diagnostic use. Diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging dwi stage. Adler cm, holland sk, schmithorst v, wilke m, weiss kl, pan h, et al.
To date, most studies of white matter changes in bipolar disorder bd have been conducted in older subjects and with wellestablished disorders. It allows the mapping of the diffusion process of molecules, mainly water, in biological tissues, in vivo and noninvasively. The utilization of whole body dwi is becoming a standard application in routine imaging. Diffusionweighted magnetic resonance imaging dwi or dwmri is the use of specific mri sequences as well as software that generates images from the resulting data that uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in mr images. Dwi sequences using a bipolar versus a monopolar singleshot echoplanar imaging epi gradient design for image quality and for lesion detection and characterization in patients with liver disease. Cardiac diffusion weighted imaging dwi using a spin echo sequence is challenging because of its high sensi tivity to bulk motion. A spin echo sequence with a singlesided bipolar diffusion. A diffusion tensor imaging study of bipolar ii disorder. Structural magnetic resonance imaging mri studies have found changes in the area, shape, and fractional anisotropy fa in the corpus callosum in bipolar disorder. Mri exams were conducted at the long island jewish medical center on a ge 1. Secondorder eddycurrent correction is beneficial even for bipolar sequence. Fractionalanisotropy fa, which can be seen as a quantitative index of white matter coherence,4 has.
Researchers have focused on the possible role these lesions may have in psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder. The amygdala in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Previous studies compared the image quality and intravoxel incoherent motion in normal liver between mp and bp dwi. Crosssectional mri is an attractive alternative to endoscopy for the objective assessment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease ibd. Diffusion tensor imaging dti of moving organs is gaining increasing. Studies were included if they reported on hyperintensities in patients with bipolar disorder and met the following criteria. For example, amygdala volumes in patients with bipolar disorder have been found to be larger than, 21 smaller than, 16 and equal to 17 those of normal controls.
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